Carburetor



`o. A. Ross n `2,010,563

Aug. 6, 1935.

CARBURETOR Original Filed July 23, 1927 O. A. ROSS Aug. 6, 1935'.

CARBURETOR foriginal Filed July 25, 1927 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Aug. 6,` .1935* .1

y NT ED STATES? emesse;- i` m `(bsearll'l.` Ress@ NenT Yorin N@ Y.

me @menesteres et eetbuien@ @dimore i-erlernte @het Clase employed foi* forming combustible n'lixturesA for internal A eombustion @morsi-1.1.. 5g 'instrument forms a divisional application jcofpending application Serial VNumber comparativelyrieh combustible mixture is `furlnglshedtforquicl, getawa for Voperation offthe j icleet top speed Continuously. f 1;.

neuhe object ofrthisinvention stofurnish 4 he passageway between theatinosphere and the motor is normally closed or sealed. by

valves independently of the ebntrol vof the fuel supplied to form `theeoinbustible mixture.

an expandible fvvelfl4 venturi arranged to Tproelieble @muri` eningimmediatelr edn andsurrounding-the fuel-delivery 4enel `of ,el nozzle whereby anileal fuelair ratio `for leal lopere-tion `-of 'internal `combustion ,mo- @y abe obtained throughout the normalfopraneesthereoi Qtherfobjeetfisto furnish a arburetorhavlign N,agnor-melly closed expendible Wall venturi Aer- 1 eed*` ,to produce -amomenteryeomparatively "i partial 'vaeuum above the'mventuri upon @wenn fer @implying the :air for .forming e@ t mbustible mixture, thereby preventing hes e loi the meter Linen rapid throttlevvalve seeewey"betweentheetmosphere and Athe meter elet-full Lthrottle valve opnmgsmwhereby aV feier l f'Oi intrnall cvmbustion mordre Anotherfgobjeet is Vte;furnishle, carburetor hav- 4,me thethmttlefrlre yherebyllellisimmvfiigately suppli dijby thenel nozzle as .the Venturi the .desiredl fuel oyv` from 4 the nozzle whereby the in the eppended claims I(il'elllf arriicato-'Jlily A 2.3,- 1927, Serial Nog? ZLQZ,9M. Divided and thisepplieetion October 'Y 3, `19231", Seralihle. 566,755 f i 1 1 21 Vnenas, reiger-41) the opening of saidY valves upon the rapid @pening of the throttle valve for forming a. memengary ncomparatively high 'p'artial Vacuum f, auxiliary fuel is suppliedby. the fuel nezzle, 1 during theperiod of rapid eeszzeleration of `5 thernotor, the retardingof the openingk movement of ithexvalvesbeing accomplished Without lthe retarding of the closing thereof. v

vllnfother objet is to furnsha rzarburetolhav-f ng an eiqnaiuzlible Wall Venturi'normelly closing-10 the Venturi passageway, ythe `eivp'andble :Wall symmetrically surrounding the fuel delivery portionlo the fuel nozzle, the expandble .wall in expanding forming a substentiallyannular space surrounding the fuel delivery pertion ef'ltnefrroz-` 15 zie, `the spacebeing symmetrieal Withrespeett y Lor closed `by ene erlmore; yelves, the s'upplyvof Y Y the iuel to the-venturibeing independent of the gepening enclosing movenle'nt'of4 sadvalves. l

Anethe; ebject is to furnish an 'expandible Wall .yenturi for ea'rburetors wherein the movement Tof .the.air passing therethrough determines the size or- Marea of the passagewayormed by said walls for ,acting upon the dispersion of the `fueltl'ierejinteforforming vthe combustiblemixture. l

Another object is to furnish len expandble wall venturi for earburetors wherein' the .expansion of vfthewwaflls ,is eieeted by the movement of the l ai-1' V4tltleretlirouglf and for afgiven flow oi air therethrough the size of the Venturi opening `is 45 determined by'retardng means normally tending .to con-tract said" Walls to afclesed Vpositicrm; in

this manner Aeffecting af variahlefarea, the area, for any ,given air flow being proportionedhto eiect ideal combustible mixture is` formed.

Other objeetsandadvanteges will appear as -the deseriptonfof the inventionvprogresses and he novel features thereof `will be pointe`d out rThis invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, delineated in the accompanying drawings,

and particularly pointed out in that portion of this instrument wherein patentable novelty is claimed for certain and peculiar features of the invention, it being understood that, within the scope of what hereinafter thus is claimed, divers changes in theyform, proportion, size and mino-r details of the structure may be made without departing from the spirit of, or sacrificing any of the details of the invention.

1n describing the invention in detail, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, wherein I have illustrated embodiments of my invention and wherein like characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in Which:

Figure 1 is a part sectional, part plan View of one embodiment of the invention taken on line I l of Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 is a sectional View there- 'of taken on line 2 2 of Fig. l, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed View taken on line 3 of Fig. 2, and Fig.4 is an elevational view of a modified rform of expandible wall venturi taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 5, and Fig. 5 is a plan view of the same taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4, and Fig; 5 is an enlarged part detailed view of one of the exi pandible walls of the expandible wall venturi,

arranged tocontrol the flow of fuel to nozzles 'I2 and lli, the normal level of the fuel'in said nozzles being below the fuel delivery ends 'E3 and 'l5 thereof. y

Air receiving and nozzle section 56 comprises choke valve 55 controlling air passageway 55, also high speed fuel meteringA unit 5l, .high speed vVenturi rdash-pot unit' 53 and normal speed Venturi dash-pot unit 55, the last three named unitsibeing more fully described in my co-pending application Serial Number 185,487, filed April 21st, 1927, which matured to Patent No. 1,961,249 granted Jan. 5, 1934, the fuelto unit 'H being supplied` by pipe lil, connected to float chamber 57, the fuel now to high speed nozzle being controlled by a valve (not sho-wn).

Air receiving and nozzle section 56 also comprises normal speed nozzle fili having fuel delivery portion ?5, the fuel thereto being controlled by valve '56 adjustably supported in boss "il, the fuel flowing from float chamber 5l through passageway 78 to said nozzle. Said section also comprises Venturi portion 82 to which is secure combustible mixture receiving housing 55 supporting throttle valve 83 rotated by shaft 84 arranged to control the flow of combustible mixture to the motor through passageway 85, bolts 8l 8'l acting to secure housings4 55 and 5B together, gasket 38, preferably of caloric insulating material being positioned therebetween.

Venturi portion 82 is formed with fixed area Venturi openings 89 and 9@ forming partial communications between air receiving chamber 9i of housing or section 55 and combustible mixture reoeiving'chamber or passageway 92 of housing or section 55.

Accelerated speed expandible wall venturi 93 `arranged to normally close Venturi opening 8S comprises preferably four sector, shaped wall f members.95 95 having knife edges 95 arranged to pivot in V shaped grooves 91-91 formed on face 3i of Venturi portion 82. Members 95 95 are normally constrained to a closed pyramid formation by dash-pot unit 58 acting to constrain member 98 and links Sil-99 pivoted thereto downwardly, said links being pivotally connected by pins lEl and the upper ends thereof being positioned in openings ll-lill sealed by plate members ll2 lll2. y

Dashpot 68 comprises cylinder l supporting piston 2 sealed by washer 3 engaging one end of main spring 4 and auxiliary spring 5, the head 6 of stud 'l adjustably positioned by nut 8 engages the other ends of said springs, spring 5 only being engaged upon a predetermined movenient of piston 2. Piston 2 supports feather valve 9 arranged to prevent escape of air through port lil upon the upward movement of said piston but permit flow therethrough upon the lowering of said piston. By this arrangement the piston 2 will rise slowly and lower quickly, as more fully described in my copending application Ser. No. 185,487, filed April 21st, 1927.

Normal speed expandible wall venturi 94 is similar to venturi 93, comprising sector shaped members it-m3 having knife edges M14-|04 seated in grooves M15-|55 also formed in face 8l of Venturi portion 82. Members w3 are also normally constrained to closed position by dashpot unit $9 acting to` constrain members |06 and links ibf ll downwardly. Y

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5 showing a modified form of expandible wall venturi, when normallyrclosedy the sector shaped or flat triangularv portions lill-l i8 of wall sections 'I l I l Il form substantially a pyramid closure as shown by the solid lines of Figs. 4 and 5, the curved or frustoconical portions i12-l l2 joined to one vertical edge of portions I iB I l0 overlapping said sector shaped portions Htl-l l0. As the portions Il0 I@ are moved outwardly and upwardly the inner faces of curved `or frusto-conical portions IIZ move in juxtaposition to the free edge H4 of portions Il@ thereby maintaining a substantially continuous wall around the fuel delivery portion 'i3 of nozzle 12.

Figure 6 illustrates a modified form of pivotally connecting links 9S with an expanding wall member, as 95, said'member having an eye stud l Il secured thereto by nuts IIS-H8, the pin ll passing through said stud and link for the pivotal connection thereof.

Operation When the internal combustion motor with which the applicants novel form of carburetor is associated, is at rest, the expandible Wall venturis 93 and SI1 are closed as shown by the full line positions of the drawings thereby forming substantially a seal or closure between the atmosphere and the said motor. Assuming the motor to be warmed up and the throttle Valve 83 opened slightly, as said motor is'cranked, a partial vacuum is formed in chamber or passageway 92, said vacuum acting to cause walls l03 l 03 to partially move outwardly and upwardly thereby establishing a comparatively small Venturi opening surrounding the fuel delivery portion l5. Owing to the comparatively slow movement or expansion of said walls due to the dash-pot action of unit 554 and the resulting comparatively high vacuum produced in chamber 92,. the initial movement of the air flow through said comparatively small opening will be comparatively rapid, therefore-acting to immediately withdraw fuel from 21e T; tlle'q'ilabilly` bf' Said fuf` lilll @rptin tu the ,quantity of air flowflbeinghoornparatively large whereby :a 'momentary comparatively; rich mixture is "l supplied vto 'the inotorfcylinders in this 'manner assuring a ready 'starting thereof` The iinalopeningfformeiifbythe movement of the expandiole wall Venturimembers M3, will be determined :byN the throttle valve opening', the

downward tension acti-ngv to close said members Ybeing Vadjusted l .by 'nut B whereby A.theopenng 'formed .will produce Aan lair ilow4 therethrough sufficient toiwithdraw 4an amount of fuel `from the nozzle tipl l5 to Hforni :afcombustible mixture having fan. air fuel ratio tending to produce a maximum fof economy 1in "the operation of .the motor .forfthe powerlproduced thereby.` 1

` As the throttle valve 83 is further opening'to Slpply additional CDInbllSti-ble mixture 50i the f creased thereby acting to ,further expand wall anotarv the air :flow through venturi '90 in-Y members 11:83 :outwardly 1 and `upwardly fas' `shown lm/the dotted line positions rofl'vienturi L94, in'this n'rainr1er` :further increasing f the Venturi opening surrounding nozzle tip 115.Isaid increase in openrbeing foirtheorder to maintain the .fuel -air 1a tio .to` produce maximum economy in operation ofthemotor; l y y l j `Assume` the throttlefvalve v83 isv opened fully `for :the purposeof operating the, motorat 'maximum powenand in which instance a comparatively richer mixture isrequired said valve- `is opened the expandible wall members 95 Yof ex- Y 1 pandible wall venturi 93'areumov'ed outwardly 'and upwardly similarly to the operation of .ven-

y, tui-i etfthedownward tension of dash-potunit 58 however being proportioned whereby, Vat least powerz-irom said motor lhowever at the sacrifice Vatftoefinal .movement .ofsaid members the fuel ratio is of. the order to producen, comparative'` ly trich .mixture thereby. producingfa' maximum of more economical operation thereof with yrespect to ue'l "consiimption thereby. Members '95 A'are .alsolretarded in their openingssimilarly'fto mem- Abers :lr03 wlierebyta` momentary comparatively o ,rich :mixture .is formed as the throttle valve is l' uuicllyiopened fromfa Vnormal operating'rposition to Yan accelerated speed operating position 'thereby `@furnishing a comparatively high accelerating torque byfsaid motor. l f.

y Whereas rtwoV expandible wall venturis i as :93`

94 `:have been shown,on1y0ne of said venturis ,may be employed, the` dash-'pot unit 69 being arrangedfto v-eiect a` comparatively `greater 4retarding action during the dlnal move` mentthereof for producingla comparatively ric-herrcombu-stible mixtureduring thefullzopen positiene of throttle-valve 83, `in other words during theinitial movements of the dashpot unit, the

Venturi openings established `will ,produce a maximumfeconomy of .operation of the .motor whereamduring the iinal'movements thereof the openings `formed willy producesJ fuel air ratio furnishing ia comparatively ricfh fcombustible mixture.

" @wing to proportioning the Venturiopeningin proportion tothe air flowtherethrough as Wellas establishing said -air now-immediately adjacent and surrounding the fuel nozzle., `the normal fuel level i within saidnozzl'e may be maintained al-compar-atively lower planeathan conventional carburetors, thereby preventing any substantial Y change in the fuel air .ratiowhen the :carburetor ispangularly'dsplaced, as forexampl'e when :a

` motor vehicle is moving upor down a,` grade."

whereas the expandible wollt-venturis,` asili-@11d y nordsee' i 9| of the'splittypeventuriA the expaiidible 1 wallventuris shown in Figs. 4 and 5 haveafsuli if -stantiallycontinuous wall formed therearoimd duririgfthe' expansion and `izontraction therwf for Venturi opening tlieretiiroug'h.A 4Wiles-eas;the,expanclible wallmemfbers :$5 4and m3 iare shown -as .they maygbercu-rveieor ment 'of air therethrough, the movementiof the overlapping and overlapped .portions `:being in juxtaposition one-to theother .for forming ,a tsub- 'stantially continuous wall :aroundthe spassagewayA during the variable openingland closing thereof.; 2. In aoarburetonya chambered housing, ia high speed venturi supported-'therein `having lex-L.

jpan-dible wail `por-tions normally-A closing! the 'high speed Venturi passageway therethroughjtbe wall portions beingarranged` to be mo-veilA forfopening andolosing the passageway-upon uthe movement" of air therethrough, -a low speed venturi supporti ed by thehousi-ng having AexpandibleV wall `poi'fl tiensnormally closing the low speed Venturi pas?` sageway therethrough; f the wall 1Mpe'rtiionsbeing arranged to rn-oved `for opening" andclosingf fthe passageway upon the movement of air-therethrough, means 'resiliently urging' the highr `speedl resilient-ly urg'ingithe flow" speed Venturiwall por- 'tions to -closed position Varranged ftouaesiliently permit variable opening thereof upon thepassage ofair therethrough, thephigh speed-Venturi 1re siflient 'meansbeing arranged tto-"restrain opening-ef the fhigh speed 'Venturi wall portions runtil l aiter .a predetermined opening lo the low speed Venturi wallportions." l l '3. n Japarburetor, :cliambered` housingxia nigh vspeed venturi `supitorted therein having :exl-` pan'ng wall por-tions normally contracted :to close the Shigh speed VVenturi passageway* the wall` portions being arranged l to Foe ,moved for Venturifwallportionsto closed positionarranged to resiliently permit Variable' opening ther-'edf` upon `-tlie'fpessage `ioair therethrough-.and means opening fand -=closing 'the --passagew'ay .uponthe Y turi supportediby .the housing @having expanding wall portions normally :Icontracted for closlngthe low- Aspeed lventuri. passageway, the :wall A.portions being arranged :to be moved `forflopenirxg and closing the passageway uponthernovementjzof air therethrough, means iresillientlyfurging' uthe high speed Venturi wall portionsdlzo closetlumsi` tion :arranged to resilientlypermt variable operiin'gthereor upon the passage oinirctherethrough. means `:resili'ently urging the low .speed` Venturi walllportions `,to closed position arranged "toLre sili'ent-ly pemtfvariable 'opening thereof upon the movement of air therethrough,` and means independently adjusting the high :and low speed Y Venturi, .resilient imeansl'for varying ith-e emoveyl,

to` thei,:movemerit;ofV wall fsaortionsim `ment ofltlne wall portionslof fonewenturifwith t the `other .venturi in responseto air flowing there- ,4. In' a oarburetonpa.. chambered housing, a

'venturi supported therein including a=plurality surrounding the Venturi passageway during the opening and closing movement thereof, the. Wall being continuously formed independently of any fixed portions of the carburetor body.

5. In a Vcarburetona chambered housinga venturi supported therein including a plurality of similarly formed .valves arranged symmetrically around the axis of the Venturi passageway normally effecting closure thereof, the valves-being arranged .to be moved foreiecting a variable opening and closing of the passageway upon the variable movement of air therethrough, and overlapping body portions onthe valves arranged to effect a substantially continuous wall surrounding the. Venturi passageway during the opening and closing movement thereof, .theoverlapping body portions of the valves forming the sole means for effecting a substantially continuous. wall surrounding the Venturi passageway during the opening and closing thereof. 'f '6.3 In an expandible wall member for expandible Venturi valves, a substantially flat triangular portion, afrusto-conical kportion joined `to one edgethereof, and a pivotally mounted actuating member supported by the triangular portion spaoedly between .theedges thereof. v.

r`7. In a carburetor, a chambered housing havingV an air passageway therethrough, an expandible Venturi valvein the passageway having a plurality of similar movable wall members operable in response tothe movement of air through the passageway, each wall member comprising an overlapped body portion and an overlapping extension joined to one edge Yof the overlapped body portion; Y

Y8. Ina carburetor, a chambered l'1oufsing,anY

expandible Venturi valve inv the chamber having a .plurality of ,pivotally mounted normally. engaged expanding wall members arranged symmetrically around the axis of the Venturi passageway normally eiecting closure thereof, the wall members beingV actuated in response toflowof air through the passageway,'connecting members having vone ,end thereof pivotally connected to the wall membersspacedly between the pivoted and free ends thereof, anda dash-pot unit supported by the housing having the moving element thereof pivotally connected to the other end of the connecting members, the moving velement resilientlyurging the wall members to the closed position of the valve. I l 1 l ,9. InV a carburetor, a chambered housing having 'air inlet and outlet bpenings, a chambered Venturi1 valvel housingsecured to the air housing, an4 expandible. Venturi Avalvein the chamberv .of the Venturi valve housing having normal.- ly .i engaged expanding wall members pivotally supported by the air housing; the members sur.-

' rounding'zthe: air outlet opening therein, a dash.-

pot; um'tadjustably supportedbythe air housing having fthe moving Aelementi-thereof''-linlr i connected to -the Venturi 1 wallmembers'fand actuated zthereby;. means for Vadjusting the lposition of the dash-pot unit by rotation thereof, the axis of rotation of the unit being coaxial with the axisof the Venturi valve. I

1). 'In a carburetor, a housing having a Venturi chamber therein, a Venturi valve in the chamber comprising a-plurality of expandible wall members normally closing the Venturi passageway in the chambena'flat triangular portion on each Wall member having a frusto-conical portion joined thereto, thefrusto-conical portion of one Wall member being moved in juxtaposition to the iiattriangular portion of the adjacent Wall member asthe members are expanded and contracted in response to variable flow of air through the valve, and means supported by the housing for operatively supporting the wall membersfor expansio-n and contractionV as the valve opens and closes. f

v 11. In av` carburetor, ahousinghaving aVenturi Achamber therein, a Venturi valve in the chambercomprising aA plurality of expandible Wall. members normally closing the Venturi passageway in the chamber, a flat triangular portion on each wall member having a frusto-conical portion integrally joined thereto, the frustoconical portion of one wall member being moved in juxtaposition to the fiat triangular portion of an adjacent wall member as the members. are expanded and contracted in response to variable iicw of vair through the valve, and means supported by the housing lfor pivotally supporting thezwall members for` expansion and contraction as the valve opens and closes;

12. In a carburetor, a housing having a Venturi chamber therein, aY Venturi valve in the chamber comprising aplurality of expandible wall members normally closing the .Venturi passageway in the/chamber, .a triangular body portion on each wall member havinga frusto-conical extension joined thereto, the frusto-conical extension being moved injuxtaposition to the .bo-dy portion of an adjacent wall member as the members are `expanded and contracted for opening and closing the valve in response to variable flow of air therethrough, and means formed on the housing for vpositioning the wall members for movement to expand and contract theA Venturi opening therethrough.

' 13. In a carburetor, a housing having a Venturi chamber therein, a Venturi valve in the chamber comprising a plurality of expandible wall membersnormally closing the Venturi passageway in the chamber, a triangular body portion on each wall member having afrusto-conical extension joined to one edge thereof, the frustoconical extension being moved in juxtaposition to the body portion ofthe adjacent wall member as they are expanded and contracted for opening and .closing the valve in response to variable flow ofv air therethrough, a hinge formed on another'edge of the body portion, and means formed on the housing for pivotallysupporting the wall members at theV hinge thereof.

14. In a carburetor, a housing having a Venturichamber therein, a Venturi valve in the chamber comprising a plurality of expandible wall members normally closing the Venturi passageway therein, aA triangular underlying wall portion on each member having an overlying triangular `wall portion 'joined to the underlying portion, the overlying portion of one wall member being `moved -in'juxtaposition to the underlying portion fof' the adjacent wall member as thevalveis expanded andcontracted in response tolvariable flow of air therethrough, and means formedon the housing for operably 'supporting the Wall members for expansion Aand contraction thereof. a 15. In a carburetor, a housing having a Ven# l' "turi chamber therein, a Venturi Valve inl the ohamber normally closing the Venturi passage-v Way therein, the valve comprising aplurality of` expandible Wall members arranged symmetrically around the axis of the Venturi passageway, each Wall member comprising,anunderlyng and overlying Wall portion, the overlying portion of each member normally overlying the underlying portion-o the adjacent member during the expansion and contraction `of the members as the valve is opened and closed in response to variable ow of air therethrough, and means formed on `the `housing for operably `supporting the wall Y"members for expansion andcontraotion.

16. In an expandible Wall member for expanding Venturi valves, an isosoeles triangle plate portion, and a frusto-conical plate portion having one edgethereof joinedto one of the equal edges of the visosceles triangle plate portion.`

17./11'1 an expandiblevvall member for expanding Venturi valves, anfisosolesA triangle `plate portion, and a frusto-conical plate portion -having' one .edge `thereof ,integrally `joined to one of the equal edges ofthe isosceles triangle plate o i portion.: Y i .i Y, l.

18".A In an expandible Wallmember forV expanding Venturi'valves, a at triangular plate portion,

and a curved triangular plate portion having one edge portion thereof joined tooneedge of the at triangular plate portion.

19.111 anexpandible Wall member for expand- L, 10 Y ing Venturivalves, an isosoeles triangle plate portion, a curved plate portion joinedto one ofthe v equal edges of the isosceles triangle plate portion, and means for movably supporting the member` formed Von the u nequal edge isosceles triangle plate portion.4 A

20. In an expandible Wall member for expanding Venturi valves, triangular male and female.

of the and a supporting portion for movably supporting the member formed on the overlapped portion.

' l OSCAR A. ROSS. 

